""" robotparser.py

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Copyright (C) 2000 Bastian Kleineidam

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You can choose between two licenses when using this package:

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1) GNU GPLv2

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2) PSF license for Python 2.2

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The robots.txt Exclusion Protocol is implemented as specified in

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http://www.robotstxt.org/norobots-rfc.txt

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"""

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import urlparse

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import urllib

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__all__ = ["RobotFileParser"]

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class RobotFileParser:

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""" This class provides a set of methods to read, parse and answer

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questions about a single robots.txt file.

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"""

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def __init__(self, url=''):

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self.entries = []

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self.default_entry = None

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self.disallow_all = False

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self.allow_all = False

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self.set_url(url)

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self.last_checked = 0

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def mtime(self):

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"""Returns the time the robots.txt file was last fetched.

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This is useful for long-running web spiders that need to

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check for new robots.txt files periodically.

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"""

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return self.last_checked

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def modified(self):

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"""Sets the time the robots.txt file was last fetched to the

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current time.

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"""

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import time

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self.last_checked = time.time()

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def set_url(self, url):

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"""Sets the URL referring to a robots.txt file."""

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self.url = url

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self.host, self.path = urlparse.urlparse(url)[1:3]

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def read(self):

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"""Reads the robots.txt URL and feeds it to the parser."""

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opener = URLopener()

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f = opener.open(self.url)

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lines = [line.strip() for line in f]

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f.close()

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self.errcode = opener.errcode

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if self.errcode in (401, 403):

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self.disallow_all = True

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elif self.errcode >= 400 and self.errcode < 500:

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self.allow_all = True

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elif self.errcode == 200 and lines:

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self.parse(lines)

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def _add_entry(self, entry):

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if "*" in entry.useragents:

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# the default entry is considered last

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if self.default_entry is None:

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# the first default entry wins

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self.default_entry = entry

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else:

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self.entries.append(entry)

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def parse(self, lines):

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"""parse the input lines from a robots.txt file.

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We allow that a user-agent: line is not preceded by

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one or more blank lines."""

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# states:

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# 0: start state

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# 1: saw user-agent line

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# 2: saw an allow or disallow line

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state = 0

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linenumber = 0

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entry = Entry()

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self.modified()

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for line in lines:

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linenumber += 1

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if not line:

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if state == 1:

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entry = Entry()

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state = 0

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elif state == 2:

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self._add_entry(entry)

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entry = Entry()

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state = 0

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# remove optional comment and strip line

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i = line.find('#')

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if i >= 0:

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line = line[:i]

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line = line.strip()

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if not line:

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continue

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line = line.split(':', 1)

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if len(line) == 2:

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line[0] = line[0].strip().lower()

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line[1] = urllib.unquote(line[1].strip())

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if line[0] == "user-agent":

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if state == 2:

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self._add_entry(entry)

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entry = Entry()

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entry.useragents.append(line[1])

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state = 1

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elif line[0] == "disallow":

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if state != 0:

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entry.rulelines.append(RuleLine(line[1], False))

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state = 2

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elif line[0] == "allow":

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if state != 0:

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entry.rulelines.append(RuleLine(line[1], True))

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state = 2

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if state == 2:

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self._add_entry(entry)

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def can_fetch(self, useragent, url):

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"""using the parsed robots.txt decide if useragent can fetch url"""

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if self.disallow_all:

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return False

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if self.allow_all:

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return True

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# Until the robots.txt file has been read or found not

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# to exist, we must assume that no url is allowable.

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# This prevents false positives when a user erroneously

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# calls can_fetch() before calling read().

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if not self.last_checked:

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return False

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# search for given user agent matches

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# the first match counts

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parsed_url = urlparse.urlparse(urllib.unquote(url))

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url = urlparse.urlunparse(('', '', parsed_url.path,

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parsed_url.params, parsed_url.query, parsed_url.fragment))

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url = urllib.quote(url)

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if not url:

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url = "/"

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for entry in self.entries:

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if entry.applies_to(useragent):

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return entry.allowance(url)

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# try the default entry last

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if self.default_entry:

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return self.default_entry.allowance(url)

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# agent not found ==> access granted

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return True

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def __str__(self):

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entries = self.entries

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if self.default_entry is not None:

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entries = entries + [self.default_entry]

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return '\n'.join(map(str, entries)) + '\n'

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class RuleLine:

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"""A rule line is a single "Allow:" (allowance==True) or "Disallow:"

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(allowance==False) followed by a path."""

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def __init__(self, path, allowance):

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if path == '' and not allowance:

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# an empty value means allow all

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allowance = True

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path = urlparse.urlunparse(urlparse.urlparse(path))

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self.path = urllib.quote(path)

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self.allowance = allowance

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def applies_to(self, filename):

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return self.path == "*" or filename.startswith(self.path)

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def __str__(self):

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return (self.allowance and "Allow" or "Disallow") + ": " + self.path

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class Entry:

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"""An entry has one or more user-agents and zero or more rulelines"""

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def __init__(self):

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self.useragents = []

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self.rulelines = []

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def __str__(self):

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ret = []

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for agent in self.useragents:

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ret.extend(["User-agent: ", agent, "\n"])

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for line in self.rulelines:

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ret.extend([str(line), "\n"])

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return ''.join(ret)

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def applies_to(self, useragent):

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"""check if this entry applies to the specified agent"""

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# split the name token and make it lower case

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useragent = useragent.split("/")[0].lower()

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for agent in self.useragents:

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if agent == '*':

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# we have the catch-all agent

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return True

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agent = agent.lower()

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if agent in useragent:

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return True

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return False

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def allowance(self, filename):

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"""Preconditions:

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- our agent applies to this entry

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- filename is URL decoded"""

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for line in self.rulelines:

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if line.applies_to(filename):

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return line.allowance

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return True

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class URLopener(urllib.FancyURLopener):

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def __init__(self, *args):

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urllib.FancyURLopener.__init__(self, *args)

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self.errcode = 200

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def prompt_user_passwd(self, host, realm):

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## If robots.txt file is accessible only with a password,

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## we act as if the file wasn't there.

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return None, None

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def http_error_default(self, url, fp, errcode, errmsg, headers):

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self.errcode = errcode

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return urllib.FancyURLopener.http_error_default(self, url, fp, errcode,

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errmsg, headers)

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