"""Abstract Protocol base classes."""
'BaseProtocol', 'Protocol', 'DatagramProtocol',
'SubprocessProtocol', 'BufferedProtocol',
"""Common base class for protocol interfaces.
Usually user implements protocols that derived from BaseProtocol
like Protocol or ProcessProtocol.
The only case when BaseProtocol should be implemented directly is
write-only transport like write pipe
def connection_made(self, transport):
"""Called when a connection is made.
The argument is the transport representing the pipe connection.
To receive data, wait for data_received() calls.
When the connection is closed, connection_lost() is called.
def connection_lost(self, exc):
"""Called when the connection is lost or closed.
The argument is an exception object or None (the latter
meaning a regular EOF is received or the connection was
"""Called when the transport's buffer goes over the high-water mark.
Pause and resume calls are paired -- pause_writing() is called
once when the buffer goes strictly over the high-water mark
(even if subsequent writes increases the buffer size even
more), and eventually resume_writing() is called once when the
buffer size reaches the low-water mark.
Note that if the buffer size equals the high-water mark,
pause_writing() is not called -- it must go strictly over.
Conversely, resume_writing() is called when the buffer size is
equal or lower than the low-water mark. These end conditions
are important to ensure that things go as expected when either
NOTE: This is the only Protocol callback that is not called
through EventLoop.call_soon() -- if it were, it would have no
effect when it's most needed (when the app keeps writing
without yielding until pause_writing() is called).
def resume_writing(self):
"""Called when the transport's buffer drains below the low-water mark.
See pause_writing() for details.
class Protocol(BaseProtocol):
"""Interface for stream protocol.
The user should implement this interface. They can inherit from
this class but don't need to. The implementations here do
nothing (they don't raise exceptions).
When the user wants to requests a transport, they pass a protocol
factory to a utility function (e.g., EventLoop.create_connection()).
When the connection is made successfully, connection_made() is
called with a suitable transport object. Then data_received()
will be called 0 or more times with data (bytes) received from the
transport; finally, connection_lost() will be called exactly once
with either an exception object or None as an argument.
start -> CM [-> DR*] [-> ER?] -> CL -> end
def data_received(self, data):
"""Called when some data is received.
The argument is a bytes object.
"""Called when the other end calls write_eof() or equivalent.
If this returns a false value (including None), the transport
will close itself. If it returns a true value, closing the
transport is up to the protocol.
class BufferedProtocol(BaseProtocol):
"""Interface for stream protocol with manual buffer control.
Important: this has been added to asyncio in Python 3.7
*on a provisional basis*! Consider it as an experimental API that
might be changed or removed in Python 3.8.
Event methods, such as `create_server` and `create_connection`,
accept factories that return protocols that implement this interface.
The idea of BufferedProtocol is that it allows to manually allocate
and control the receive buffer. Event loops can then use the buffer
provided by the protocol to avoid unnecessary data copies. This
can result in noticeable performance improvement for protocols that
receive big amounts of data. Sophisticated protocols can allocate
the buffer only once at creation time.
start -> CM [-> GB [-> BU?]]* [-> ER?] -> CL -> end
def get_buffer(self, sizehint):
"""Called to allocate a new receive buffer.
*sizehint* is a recommended minimal size for the returned
buffer. When set to -1, the buffer size can be arbitrary.
Must return an object that implements the
:ref:`buffer protocol <bufferobjects>`.
It is an error to return a zero-sized buffer.
def buffer_updated(self, nbytes):
"""Called when the buffer was updated with the received data.
*nbytes* is the total number of bytes that were written to
"""Called when the other end calls write_eof() or equivalent.
If this returns a false value (including None), the transport
will close itself. If it returns a true value, closing the
transport is up to the protocol.
class DatagramProtocol(BaseProtocol):
"""Interface for datagram protocol."""
def datagram_received(self, data, addr):
"""Called when some datagram is received."""
def error_received(self, exc):
"""Called when a send or receive operation raises an OSError.
(Other than BlockingIOError or InterruptedError.)
class SubprocessProtocol(BaseProtocol):
"""Interface for protocol for subprocess calls."""
def pipe_data_received(self, fd, data):
"""Called when the subprocess writes data into stdout/stderr pipe.
fd is int file descriptor.
def pipe_connection_lost(self, fd, exc):
"""Called when a file descriptor associated with the child process is
fd is the int file descriptor that was closed.
def process_exited(self):
"""Called when subprocess has exited."""
def _feed_data_to_buffered_proto(proto, data):
buf = proto.get_buffer(data_len)
raise RuntimeError('get_buffer() returned an empty buffer')
proto.buffer_updated(data_len)
buf[:buf_len] = data[:buf_len]
proto.buffer_updated(buf_len)
It is recommended that you Edit text format, this type of Fix handles quite a lot in one request
