"""Routine to "compile" a .py file to a .pyc file.

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This module has intimate knowledge of the format of .pyc files.

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"""

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import importlib._bootstrap_external

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import importlib.machinery

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import importlib.util

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import os

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import os.path

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import sys

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import traceback

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__all__ = ["compile", "main", "PyCompileError"]

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class PyCompileError(Exception):

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"""Exception raised when an error occurs while attempting to

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compile the file.

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To raise this exception, use

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raise PyCompileError(exc_type,exc_value,file[,msg])

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where

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exc_type: exception type to be used in error message

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type name can be accesses as class variable

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'exc_type_name'

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exc_value: exception value to be used in error message

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can be accesses as class variable 'exc_value'

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file: name of file being compiled to be used in error message

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can be accesses as class variable 'file'

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msg: string message to be written as error message

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If no value is given, a default exception message will be

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given, consistent with 'standard' py_compile output.

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message (or default) can be accesses as class variable

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'msg'

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"""

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def __init__(self, exc_type, exc_value, file, msg=''):

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exc_type_name = exc_type.__name__

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if exc_type is SyntaxError:

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tbtext = ''.join(traceback.format_exception_only(

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exc_type, exc_value))

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errmsg = tbtext.replace('File "<string>"', 'File "%s"' % file)

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else:

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errmsg = "Sorry: %s: %s" % (exc_type_name,exc_value)

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Exception.__init__(self,msg or errmsg,exc_type_name,exc_value,file)

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self.exc_type_name = exc_type_name

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self.exc_value = exc_value

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self.file = file

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self.msg = msg or errmsg

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def __str__(self):

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return self.msg

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def compile(file, cfile=None, dfile=None, doraise=False, optimize=-1):

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"""Byte-compile one Python source file to Python bytecode.

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:param file: The source file name.

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:param cfile: The target byte compiled file name. When not given, this

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defaults to the PEP 3147/PEP 488 location.

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:param dfile: Purported file name, i.e. the file name that shows up in

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error messages. Defaults to the source file name.

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:param doraise: Flag indicating whether or not an exception should be

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raised when a compile error is found. If an exception occurs and this

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flag is set to False, a string indicating the nature of the exception

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will be printed, and the function will return to the caller. If an

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exception occurs and this flag is set to True, a PyCompileError

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exception will be raised.

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:param optimize: The optimization level for the compiler. Valid values

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are -1, 0, 1 and 2. A value of -1 means to use the optimization

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level of the current interpreter, as given by -O command line options.

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:return: Path to the resulting byte compiled file.

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Note that it isn't necessary to byte-compile Python modules for

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execution efficiency -- Python itself byte-compiles a module when

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it is loaded, and if it can, writes out the bytecode to the

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corresponding .pyc file.

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However, if a Python installation is shared between users, it is a

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good idea to byte-compile all modules upon installation, since

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other users may not be able to write in the source directories,

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and thus they won't be able to write the .pyc file, and then

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they would be byte-compiling every module each time it is loaded.

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This can slow down program start-up considerably.

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See compileall.py for a script/module that uses this module to

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byte-compile all installed files (or all files in selected

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directories).

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Do note that FileExistsError is raised if cfile ends up pointing at a

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non-regular file or symlink. Because the compilation uses a file renaming,

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the resulting file would be regular and thus not the same type of file as

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it was previously.

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"""

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if cfile is None:

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if optimize >= 0:

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optimization = optimize if optimize >= 1 else ''

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cfile = importlib.util.cache_from_source(file,

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optimization=optimization)

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else:

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cfile = importlib.util.cache_from_source(file)

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if os.path.islink(cfile):

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msg = ('{} is a symlink and will be changed into a regular file if '

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'import writes a byte-compiled file to it')

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raise FileExistsError(msg.format(cfile))

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elif os.path.exists(cfile) and not os.path.isfile(cfile):

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msg = ('{} is a non-regular file and will be changed into a regular '

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'one if import writes a byte-compiled file to it')

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raise FileExistsError(msg.format(cfile))

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loader = importlib.machinery.SourceFileLoader('<py_compile>', file)

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source_bytes = loader.get_data(file)

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try:

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code = loader.source_to_code(source_bytes, dfile or file,

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_optimize=optimize)

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except Exception as err:

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py_exc = PyCompileError(err.__class__, err, dfile or file)

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if doraise:

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raise py_exc

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else:

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sys.stderr.write(py_exc.msg + '\n')

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return

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try:

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dirname = os.path.dirname(cfile)

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if dirname:

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os.makedirs(dirname)

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except FileExistsError:

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pass

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source_stats = loader.path_stats(file)

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bytecode = importlib._bootstrap_external._code_to_bytecode(

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code, source_stats['mtime'], source_stats['size'])

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mode = importlib._bootstrap_external._calc_mode(file)

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importlib._bootstrap_external._write_atomic(cfile, bytecode, mode)

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return cfile

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def main(args=None):

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"""Compile several source files.

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The files named in 'args' (or on the command line, if 'args' is

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not specified) are compiled and the resulting bytecode is cached

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in the normal manner. This function does not search a directory

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structure to locate source files; it only compiles files named

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explicitly. If '-' is the only parameter in args, the list of

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files is taken from standard input.

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"""

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if args is None:

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args = sys.argv[1:]

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rv = 0

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if args == ['-']:

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while True:

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filename = sys.stdin.readline()

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if not filename:

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break

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filename = filename.rstrip('\n')

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try:

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compile(filename, doraise=True)

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except PyCompileError as error:

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rv = 1

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sys.stderr.write("%s\n" % error.msg)

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except OSError as error:

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rv = 1

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sys.stderr.write("%s\n" % error)

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else:

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for filename in args:

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try:

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compile(filename, doraise=True)

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except PyCompileError as error:

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# return value to indicate at least one failure

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rv = 1

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sys.stderr.write("%s\n" % error.msg)

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return rv

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if __name__ == "__main__":

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sys.exit(main())

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