"""Locale support module.

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The module provides low-level access to the C lib's locale APIs and adds high

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level number formatting APIs as well as a locale aliasing engine to complement

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these.

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The aliasing engine includes support for many commonly used locale names and

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maps them to values suitable for passing to the C lib's setlocale() function. It

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also includes default encodings for all supported locale names.

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"""

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import sys

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import encodings

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import encodings.aliases

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import re

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import _collections_abc

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from builtins import str as _builtin_str

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import functools

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# Try importing the _locale module.

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#

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# If this fails, fall back on a basic 'C' locale emulation.

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# Yuck: LC_MESSAGES is non-standard: can't tell whether it exists before

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# trying the import. So __all__ is also fiddled at the end of the file.

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__all__ = ["getlocale", "getdefaultlocale", "getpreferredencoding", "Error",

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"setlocale", "resetlocale", "localeconv", "strcoll", "strxfrm",

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"str", "atof", "atoi", "format", "format_string", "currency",

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"normalize", "LC_CTYPE", "LC_COLLATE", "LC_TIME", "LC_MONETARY",

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"LC_NUMERIC", "LC_ALL", "CHAR_MAX"]

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def _strcoll(a,b):

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""" strcoll(string,string) -> int.

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Compares two strings according to the locale.

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"""

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return (a > b) - (a < b)

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def _strxfrm(s):

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""" strxfrm(string) -> string.

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Returns a string that behaves for cmp locale-aware.

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"""

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return s

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try:

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from _locale import *

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except ImportError:

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# Locale emulation

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CHAR_MAX = 127

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LC_ALL = 6

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LC_COLLATE = 3

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LC_CTYPE = 0

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LC_MESSAGES = 5

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LC_MONETARY = 4

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LC_NUMERIC = 1

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LC_TIME = 2

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Error = ValueError

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def localeconv():

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""" localeconv() -> dict.

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Returns numeric and monetary locale-specific parameters.

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"""

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# 'C' locale default values

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return {'grouping': [127],

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'currency_symbol': '',

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'n_sign_posn': 127,

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'p_cs_precedes': 127,

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'n_cs_precedes': 127,

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'mon_grouping': [],

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'n_sep_by_space': 127,

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'decimal_point': '.',

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'negative_sign': '',

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'positive_sign': '',

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'p_sep_by_space': 127,

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'int_curr_symbol': '',

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'p_sign_posn': 127,

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'thousands_sep': '',

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'mon_thousands_sep': '',

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'frac_digits': 127,

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'mon_decimal_point': '',

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'int_frac_digits': 127}

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def setlocale(category, value=None):

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""" setlocale(integer,string=None) -> string.

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Activates/queries locale processing.

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"""

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if value not in (None, '', 'C'):

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raise Error('_locale emulation only supports "C" locale')

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return 'C'

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# These may or may not exist in _locale, so be sure to set them.

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if 'strxfrm' not in globals():

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strxfrm = _strxfrm

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if 'strcoll' not in globals():

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strcoll = _strcoll

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_localeconv = localeconv

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# With this dict, you can override some items of localeconv's return value.

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# This is useful for testing purposes.

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_override_localeconv = {}

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@functools.wraps(_localeconv)

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def localeconv():

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d = _localeconv()

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if _override_localeconv:

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d.update(_override_localeconv)

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return d

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### Number formatting APIs

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# Author: Martin von Loewis

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# improved by Georg Brandl

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# Iterate over grouping intervals

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def _grouping_intervals(grouping):

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last_interval = None

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for interval in grouping:

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# if grouping is -1, we are done

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if interval == CHAR_MAX:

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return

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# 0: re-use last group ad infinitum

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if interval == 0:

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if last_interval is None:

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raise ValueError("invalid grouping")

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while True:

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yield last_interval

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yield interval

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last_interval = interval

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#perform the grouping from right to left

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def _group(s, monetary=False):

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conv = localeconv()

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thousands_sep = conv[monetary and 'mon_thousands_sep' or 'thousands_sep']

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grouping = conv[monetary and 'mon_grouping' or 'grouping']

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if not grouping:

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return (s, 0)

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if s[-1] == ' ':

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stripped = s.rstrip()

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right_spaces = s[len(stripped):]

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s = stripped

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else:

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right_spaces = ''

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left_spaces = ''

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groups = []

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for interval in _grouping_intervals(grouping):

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if not s or s[-1] not in "0123456789":

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# only non-digit characters remain (sign, spaces)

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left_spaces = s

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s = ''

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break

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groups.append(s[-interval:])

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s = s[:-interval]

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if s:

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groups.append(s)

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groups.reverse()

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return (

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left_spaces + thousands_sep.join(groups) + right_spaces,

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len(thousands_sep) * (len(groups) - 1)

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)

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# Strip a given amount of excess padding from the given string

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def _strip_padding(s, amount):

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lpos = 0

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while amount and s[lpos] == ' ':

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lpos += 1

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amount -= 1

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rpos = len(s) - 1

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while amount and s[rpos] == ' ':

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rpos -= 1

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amount -= 1

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return s[lpos:rpos+1]

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_percent_re = re.compile(r'%(?:\((?P<key>.*?)\))?'

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r'(?P<modifiers>[-#0-9 +*.hlL]*?)[eEfFgGdiouxXcrs%]')

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def _format(percent, value, grouping=False, monetary=False, *additional):

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if additional:

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formatted = percent % ((value,) + additional)

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else:

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formatted = percent % value

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# floats and decimal ints need special action!

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if percent[-1] in 'eEfFgG':

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seps = 0

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parts = formatted.split('.')

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if grouping:

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parts[0], seps = _group(parts[0], monetary=monetary)

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decimal_point = localeconv()[monetary and 'mon_decimal_point'

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or 'decimal_point']

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formatted = decimal_point.join(parts)

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if seps:

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formatted = _strip_padding(formatted, seps)

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elif percent[-1] in 'diu':

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seps = 0

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if grouping:

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formatted, seps = _group(formatted, monetary=monetary)

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if seps:

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formatted = _strip_padding(formatted, seps)

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return formatted

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def format_string(f, val, grouping=False, monetary=False):

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"""Formats a string in the same way that the % formatting would use,

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but takes the current locale into account.

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Grouping is applied if the third parameter is true.

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Conversion uses monetary thousands separator and grouping strings if

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forth parameter monetary is true."""

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percents = list(_percent_re.finditer(f))

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new_f = _percent_re.sub('%s', f)

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if isinstance(val, _collections_abc.Mapping):

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new_val = []

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for perc in percents:

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if perc.group()[-1]=='%':

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new_val.append('%')

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else:

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new_val.append(_format(perc.group(), val, grouping, monetary))

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else:

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if not isinstance(val, tuple):

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val = (val,)

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new_val = []

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i = 0

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for perc in percents:

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if perc.group()[-1]=='%':

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new_val.append('%')

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else:

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starcount = perc.group('modifiers').count('*')

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new_val.append(_format(perc.group(),

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val[i],

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grouping,

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monetary,

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*val[i+1:i+1+starcount]))

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i += (1 + starcount)

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val = tuple(new_val)

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return new_f % val

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def format(percent, value, grouping=False, monetary=False, *additional):

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"""Deprecated, use format_string instead."""

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import warnings

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warnings.warn(

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"This method will be removed in a future version of Python. "

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"Use 'locale.format_string()' instead.",

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DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2

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)

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match = _percent_re.match(percent)

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if not match or len(match.group())!= len(percent):

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raise ValueError(("format() must be given exactly one %%char "

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"format specifier, %s not valid") % repr(percent))

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return _format(percent, value, grouping, monetary, *additional)

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def currency(val, symbol=True, grouping=False, international=False):

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"""Formats val according to the currency settings

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in the current locale."""

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conv = localeconv()

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# check for illegal values

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digits = conv[international and 'int_frac_digits' or 'frac_digits']

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if digits == 127:

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raise ValueError("Currency formatting is not possible using "

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"the 'C' locale.")

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s = _format('%%.%if' % digits, abs(val), grouping, monetary=True)

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# '<' and '>' are markers if the sign must be inserted between symbol and value

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s = '<' + s + '>'

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if symbol:

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smb = conv[international and 'int_curr_symbol' or 'currency_symbol']

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precedes = conv[val<0 and 'n_cs_precedes' or 'p_cs_precedes']

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separated = conv[val<0 and 'n_sep_by_space' or 'p_sep_by_space']

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if precedes:

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s = smb + (separated and ' ' or '') + s

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else:

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s = s + (separated and ' ' or '') + smb

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sign_pos = conv[val<0 and 'n_sign_posn' or 'p_sign_posn']

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sign = conv[val<0 and 'negative_sign' or 'positive_sign']

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if sign_pos == 0:

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s = '(' + s + ')'

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elif sign_pos == 1:

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s = sign + s

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elif sign_pos == 2:

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s = s + sign

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elif sign_pos == 3:

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s = s.replace('<', sign)

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elif sign_pos == 4:

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s = s.replace('>', sign)

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else:

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# the default if nothing specified;

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# this should be the most fitting sign position

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s = sign + s

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return s.replace('<', '').replace('>', '')

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def str(val):

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"""Convert float to string, taking the locale into account."""

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return _format("%.12g", val)

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def delocalize(string):

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"Parses a string as a normalized number according to the locale settings."

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conv = localeconv()

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#First, get rid of the grouping

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ts = conv['thousands_sep']

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if ts:

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string = string.replace(ts, '')

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#next, replace the decimal point with a dot

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dd = conv['decimal_point']

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if dd:

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string = string.replace(dd, '.')

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return string

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def atof(string, func=float):

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"Parses a string as a float according to the locale settings."

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return func(delocalize(string))

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def atoi(string):

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"Converts a string to an integer according to the locale settings."

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return int(delocalize(string))

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def _test():

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setlocale(LC_ALL, "")

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#do grouping

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s1 = format_string("%d", 123456789,1)

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print(s1, "is", atoi(s1))

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#standard formatting

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s1 = str(3.14)

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print(s1, "is", atof(s1))

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### Locale name aliasing engine

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# Author: Marc-Andre Lemburg, mal@lemburg.com

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# Various tweaks by Fredrik Lundh <fredrik@pythonware.com>

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# store away the low-level version of setlocale (it's

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# overridden below)

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_setlocale = setlocale

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def _replace_encoding(code, encoding):

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if '.' in code:

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langname = code[:code.index('.')]

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else:

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langname = code

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# Convert the encoding to a C lib compatible encoding string

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norm_encoding = encodings.normalize_encoding(encoding)

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#print('norm encoding: %r' % norm_encoding)

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norm_encoding = encodings.aliases.aliases.get(norm_encoding.lower(),

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norm_encoding)

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#print('aliased encoding: %r' % norm_encoding)

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encoding = norm_encoding

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norm_encoding = norm_encoding.lower()

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if norm_encoding in locale_encoding_alias:

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encoding = locale_encoding_alias[norm_encoding]

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else:

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norm_encoding = norm_encoding.replace('_', '')

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norm_encoding = norm_encoding.replace('-', '')

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if norm_encoding in locale_encoding_alias:

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encoding = locale_encoding_alias[norm_encoding]

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#print('found encoding %r' % encoding)

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return langname + '.' + encoding

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def _append_modifier(code, modifier):

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if modifier == 'euro':

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if '.' not in code:

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return code + '.ISO8859-15'

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_, _, encoding = code.partition('.')

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if encoding in ('ISO8859-15', 'UTF-8'):

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return code

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if encoding == 'ISO8859-1':

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return _replace_encoding(code, 'ISO8859-15')

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return code + '@' + modifier

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def normalize(localename):

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""" Returns a normalized locale code for the given locale

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name.

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The returned locale code is formatted for use with

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setlocale().

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If normalization fails, the original name is returned

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unchanged.

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If the given encoding is not known, the function defaults to

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the default encoding for the locale code just like setlocale()

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does.

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"""

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# Normalize the locale name and extract the encoding and modifier

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code = localename.lower()

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if ':' in code:

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# ':' is sometimes used as encoding delimiter.

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code = code.replace(':', '.')

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if '@' in code:

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code, modifier = code.split('@', 1)

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else:

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modifier = ''

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if '.' in code:

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langname, encoding = code.split('.')[:2]

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else:

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langname = code

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encoding = ''

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# First lookup: fullname (possibly with encoding and modifier)

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lang_enc = langname

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if encoding:

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norm_encoding = encoding.replace('-', '')

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norm_encoding = norm_encoding.replace('_', '')

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lang_enc += '.' + norm_encoding

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lookup_name = lang_enc

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if modifier:

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lookup_name += '@' + modifier

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code = locale_alias.get(lookup_name, None)

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if code is not None:

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return code

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#print('first lookup failed')

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if modifier:

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# Second try: fullname without modifier (possibly with encoding)

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code = locale_alias.get(lang_enc, None)

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if code is not None:

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#print('lookup without modifier succeeded')

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if '@' not in code:

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return _append_modifier(code, modifier)

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if code.split('@', 1)[1].lower() == modifier:

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return code

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#print('second lookup failed')

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if encoding:

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# Third try: langname (without encoding, possibly with modifier)

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lookup_name = langname

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if modifier:

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lookup_name += '@' + modifier

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code = locale_alias.get(lookup_name, None)

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if code is not None:

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#print('lookup without encoding succeeded')

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if '@' not in code:

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return _replace_encoding(code, encoding)

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code, modifier = code.split('@', 1)

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return _replace_encoding(code, encoding) + '@' + modifier

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if modifier:

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# Fourth try: langname (without encoding and modifier)

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code = locale_alias.get(langname, None)

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if code is not None:

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#print('lookup without modifier and encoding succeeded')

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if '@' not in code:

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code = _replace_encoding(code, encoding)

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return _append_modifier(code, modifier)

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code, defmod = code.split('@', 1)

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if defmod.lower() == modifier:

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return _replace_encoding(code, encoding) + '@' + defmod

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return localename

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def _parse_localename(localename):

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[467] Fix | Delete

""" Parses the locale code for localename and returns the

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result as tuple (language code, encoding).

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[470] Fix | Delete

The localename is normalized and passed through the locale

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alias engine. A ValueError is raised in case the locale name

[472] Fix | Delete

cannot be parsed.

[473] Fix | Delete

[474] Fix | Delete

The language code corresponds to RFC 1766. code and encoding

[475] Fix | Delete

can be None in case the values cannot be determined or are

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unknown to this implementation.

[477] Fix | Delete

[478] Fix | Delete

"""

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code = normalize(localename)

[480] Fix | Delete

if '@' in code:

[481] Fix | Delete

# Deal with locale modifiers

[482] Fix | Delete

code, modifier = code.split('@', 1)

[483] Fix | Delete

if modifier == 'euro' and '.' not in code:

[484] Fix | Delete

# Assume Latin-9 for @euro locales. This is bogus,

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# since some systems may use other encodings for these

[486] Fix | Delete

# locales. Also, we ignore other modifiers.

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return code, 'iso-8859-15'

[488] Fix | Delete

[489] Fix | Delete

if '.' in code:

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return tuple(code.split('.')[:2])

[491] Fix | Delete

elif code == 'C':

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return None, None

[493] Fix | Delete

elif code == 'UTF-8':

[494] Fix | Delete

# On macOS "LC_CTYPE=UTF-8" is a valid locale setting

[495] Fix | Delete

# for getting UTF-8 handling for text.

[496] Fix | Delete

return None, 'UTF-8'

[497] Fix | Delete

raise ValueError('unknown locale: %s' % localename)

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[499] Fix | Delete