GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

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Version 2.1, February 1999

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Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

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51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA

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Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies

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of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

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[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts

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as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence

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the version number 2.1.]

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Preamble

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The licenses for most software are designed to take away your

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freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public

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Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change

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free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.

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This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some

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specially designated software packages--typically libraries--of the

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Free Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it. You

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can use it too, but we suggest you first think carefully about whether

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this license or the ordinary General Public License is the better

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strategy to use in any particular case, based on the explanations below.

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When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use,

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not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that

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you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge

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for this service if you wish); that you receive source code or can get

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it if you want it; that you can change the software and use pieces of

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it in new free programs; and that you are informed that you can do

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these things.

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To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid

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distributors to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender these

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rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for

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you if you distribute copies of the library or if you modify it.

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For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis

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or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave

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you. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source

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code. If you link other code with the library, you must provide

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complete object files to the recipients, so that they can relink them

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with the library after making changes to the library and recompiling

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it. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.

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We protect your rights with a two-step method: (1) we copyright the

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library, and (2) we offer you this license, which gives you legal

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permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.

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To protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that

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there is no warranty for the free library. Also, if the library is

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modified by someone else and passed on, the recipients should know

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that what they have is not the original version, so that the original

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author's reputation will not be affected by problems that might be

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introduced by others.

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Finally, software patents pose a constant threat to the existence of

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any free program. We wish to make sure that a company cannot

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effectively restrict the users of a free program by obtaining a

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restrictive license from a patent holder. Therefore, we insist that

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any patent license obtained for a version of the library must be

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consistent with the full freedom of use specified in this license.

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Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the

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ordinary GNU General Public License. This license, the GNU Lesser

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General Public License, applies to certain designated libraries, and

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is quite different from the ordinary General Public License. We use

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this license for certain libraries in order to permit linking those

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libraries into non-free programs.

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When a program is linked with a library, whether statically or using

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a shared library, the combination of the two is legally speaking a

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combined work, a derivative of the original library. The ordinary

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General Public License therefore permits such linking only if the

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entire combination fits its criteria of freedom. The Lesser General

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Public License permits more lax criteria for linking other code with

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the library.

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We call this license the "Lesser" General Public License because it

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does Less to protect the user's freedom than the ordinary General

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Public License. It also provides other free software developers Less

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of an advantage over competing non-free programs. These disadvantages

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are the reason we use the ordinary General Public License for many

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libraries. However, the Lesser license provides advantages in certain

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special circumstances.

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For example, on rare occasions, there may be a special need to

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encourage the widest possible use of a certain library, so that it becomes

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a de-facto standard. To achieve this, non-free programs must be

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allowed to use the library. A more frequent case is that a free

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library does the same job as widely used non-free libraries. In this

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case, there is little to gain by limiting the free library to free

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software only, so we use the Lesser General Public License.

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In other cases, permission to use a particular library in non-free

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programs enables a greater number of people to use a large body of

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free software. For example, permission to use the GNU C Library in

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non-free programs enables many more people to use the whole GNU

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operating system, as well as its variant, the GNU/Linux operating

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system.

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Although the Lesser General Public License is Less protective of the

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users' freedom, it does ensure that the user of a program that is

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linked with the Library has the freedom and the wherewithal to run

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that program using a modified version of the Library.

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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and

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modification follow. Pay close attention to the difference between a

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"work based on the library" and a "work that uses the library". The

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former contains code derived from the library, whereas the latter must

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be combined with the library in order to run.

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GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

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TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION

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0. This License Agreement applies to any software library or other

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program which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or

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other authorized party saying it may be distributed under the terms of

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this Lesser General Public License (also called "this License").

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Each licensee is addressed as "you".

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A "library" means a collection of software functions and/or data

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prepared so as to be conveniently linked with application programs

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(which use some of those functions and data) to form executables.

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The "Library", below, refers to any such software library or work

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which has been distributed under these terms. A "work based on the

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Library" means either the Library or any derivative work under

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copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Library or a

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portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated

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straightforwardly into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is

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included without limitation in the term "modification".)

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"Source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work for

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making modifications to it. For a library, complete source code means

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all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated

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interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation

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and installation of the library.

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Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not

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covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of

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running a program using the Library is not restricted, and output from

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such a program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based

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on the Library (independent of the use of the Library in a tool for

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writing it). Whether that is true depends on what the Library does

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and what the program that uses the Library does.

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1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Library's

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complete source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that

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you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an

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appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact

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all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any

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warranty; and distribute a copy of this License along with the

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Library.

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You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy,

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and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a

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fee.

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2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Library or any portion

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of it, thus forming a work based on the Library, and copy and

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distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1

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above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:

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a) The modified work must itself be a software library.

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b) You must cause the files modified to carry prominent notices

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stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.

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c) You must cause the whole of the work to be licensed at no

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charge to all third parties under the terms of this License.

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d) If a facility in the modified Library refers to a function or a

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table of data to be supplied by an application program that uses

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the facility, other than as an argument passed when the facility

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is invoked, then you must make a good faith effort to ensure that,

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in the event an application does not supply such function or

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table, the facility still operates, and performs whatever part of

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its purpose remains meaningful.

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(For example, a function in a library to compute square roots has

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a purpose that is entirely well-defined independent of the

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application. Therefore, Subsection 2d requires that any

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application-supplied function or table used by this function must

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be optional: if the application does not supply it, the square

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root function must still compute square roots.)

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These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If

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identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Library,

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and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in

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themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those

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sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you

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distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based

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on the Library, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of

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this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the

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entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote

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it.

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Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest

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your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to

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exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or

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collective works based on the Library.

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In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Library

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with the Library (or with a work based on the Library) on a volume of

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a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under

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the scope of this License.

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3. You may opt to apply the terms of the ordinary GNU General Public

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License instead of this License to a given copy of the Library. To do

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this, you must alter all the notices that refer to this License, so

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that they refer to the ordinary GNU General Public License, version 2,

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instead of to this License. (If a newer version than version 2 of the

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ordinary GNU General Public License has appeared, then you can specify

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that version instead if you wish.) Do not make any other change in

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these notices.

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Once this change is made in a given copy, it is irreversible for

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that copy, so the ordinary GNU General Public License applies to all

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subsequent copies and derivative works made from that copy.

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This option is useful when you wish to copy part of the code of

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the Library into a program that is not a library.

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4. You may copy and distribute the Library (or a portion or

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derivative of it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form

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under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you accompany

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it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which

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must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a

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medium customarily used for software interchange.

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If distribution of object code is made by offering access to copy

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from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the

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source code from the same place satisfies the requirement to

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distribute the source code, even though third parties are not

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compelled to copy the source along with the object code.

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5. A program that contains no derivative of any portion of the

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Library, but is designed to work with the Library by being compiled or

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linked with it, is called a "work that uses the Library". Such a

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work, in isolation, is not a derivative work of the Library, and

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therefore falls outside the scope of this License.

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However, linking a "work that uses the Library" with the Library

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creates an executable that is a derivative of the Library (because it

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contains portions of the Library), rather than a "work that uses the

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library". The executable is therefore covered by this License.

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Section 6 states terms for distribution of such executables.

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When a "work that uses the Library" uses material from a header file

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that is part of the Library, the object code for the work may be a

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derivative work of the Library even though the source code is not.

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Whether this is true is especially significant if the work can be

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linked without the Library, or if the work is itself a library. The

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threshold for this to be true is not precisely defined by law.

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If such an object file uses only numerical parameters, data

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structure layouts and accessors, and small macros and small inline

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functions (ten lines or less in length), then the use of the object

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file is unrestricted, regardless of whether it is legally a derivative

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work. (Executables containing this object code plus portions of the

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Library will still fall under Section 6.)

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Otherwise, if the work is a derivative of the Library, you may

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distribute the object code for the work under the terms of Section 6.

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Any executables containing that work also fall under Section 6,

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whether or not they are linked directly with the Library itself.

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6. As an exception to the Sections above, you may also combine or

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link a "work that uses the Library" with the Library to produce a

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work containing portions of the Library, and distribute that work

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under terms of your choice, provided that the terms permit

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modification of the work for the customer's own use and reverse

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engineering for debugging such modifications.

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You must give prominent notice with each copy of the work that the

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Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are covered by

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this License. You must supply a copy of this License. If the work

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during execution displays copyright notices, you must include the

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copyright notice for the Library among them, as well as a reference

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directing the user to the copy of this License. Also, you must do one

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of these things:

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a) Accompany the work with the complete corresponding

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machine-readable source code for the Library including whatever

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changes were used in the work (which must be distributed under

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Sections 1 and 2 above); and, if the work is an executable linked

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with the Library, with the complete machine-readable "work that

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uses the Library", as object code and/or source code, so that the

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user can modify the Library and then relink to produce a modified

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executable containing the modified Library. (It is understood

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that the user who changes the contents of definitions files in the

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Library will not necessarily be able to recompile the application

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to use the modified definitions.)

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b) Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the

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Library. A suitable mechanism is one that (1) uses at run time a

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copy of the library already present on the user's computer system,

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rather than copying library functions into the executable, and (2)

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will operate properly with a modified version of the library, if

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the user installs one, as long as the modified version is

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interface-compatible with the version that the work was made with.

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c) Accompany the work with a written offer, valid for at

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least three years, to give the same user the materials

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specified in Subsection 6a, above, for a charge no more

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than the cost of performing this distribution.

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d) If distribution of the work is made by offering access to copy

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from a designated place, offer equivalent access to copy the above

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specified materials from the same place.

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e) Verify that the user has already received a copy of these

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materials or that you have already sent this user a copy.

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For an executable, the required form of the "work that uses the

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Library" must include any data and utility programs needed for

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reproducing the executable from it. However, as a special exception,

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the materials to be distributed need not include anything that is

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normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major

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components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on

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which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies

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the executable.

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It may happen that this requirement contradicts the license

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restrictions of other proprietary libraries that do not normally

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accompany the operating system. Such a contradiction means you cannot

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use both them and the Library together in an executable that you

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distribute.

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7. You may place library facilities that are a work based on the

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Library side-by-side in a single library together with other library

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facilities not covered by this License, and distribute such a combined

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library, provided that the separate distribution of the work based on

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the Library and of the other library facilities is otherwise

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permitted, and provided that you do these two things:

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a) Accompany the combined library with a copy of the same work

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based on the Library, uncombined with any other library

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facilities. This must be distributed under the terms of the

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Sections above.

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b) Give prominent notice with the combined library of the fact

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that part of it is a work based on the Library, and explaining

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where to find the accompanying uncombined form of the same work.

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8. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or distribute

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the Library except as expressly provided under this License. Any

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attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or

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distribute the Library is void, and will automatically terminate your

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rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies,

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or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses

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terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.

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9. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not

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signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or

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distribute the Library or its derivative works. These actions are

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prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by

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modifying or distributing the Library (or any work based on the

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Library), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and

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all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying

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the Library or works based on it.

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10. Each time you redistribute the Library (or any work based on the

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Library), the recipient automatically receives a license from the

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original licensor to copy, distribute, link with or modify the Library

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subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further

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restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.

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You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties with

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this License.

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11. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent

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infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),

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conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or

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otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not

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excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot

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distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this

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License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you

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may not distribute the Library at all. For example, if a patent

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license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Library by

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all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then

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the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to

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refrain entirely from distribution of the Library.

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If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any

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particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply,

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and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances.

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It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any

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patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any

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such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the

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integrity of the free software distribution system which is

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implemented by public license practices. Many people have made

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generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed

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through that system in reliance on consistent application of that

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system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing

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to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot

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impose that choice.

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This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to

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be a consequence of the rest of this License.

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12. If the distribution and/or use of the Library is restricted in

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certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the

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original copyright holder who places the Library under this License may add

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an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries,

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so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus

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excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if

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written in the body of this License.

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13. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new

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versions of the Lesser General Public License from time to time.

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Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version,

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but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.

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Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Library

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specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and

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"any later version", you have the option of following the terms and

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conditions either of that version or of any later version published by

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the Free Software Foundation. If the Library does not specify a

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license version number, you may choose any version ever published by

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the Free Software Foundation.

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14. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Library into other free

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programs whose distribution conditions are incompatible with these,

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write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is

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copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free

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Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our

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decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status

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of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing

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and reuse of software generally.

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NO WARRANTY

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15. BECAUSE THE LIBRARY IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO

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WARRANTY FOR THE LIBRARY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.

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EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR

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OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE LIBRARY "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY

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KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE

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IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR

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PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE

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LIBRARY IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE LIBRARY PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME

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THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.

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16. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN

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WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY

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AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE LIBRARY AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU

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FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR

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CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE

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LIBRARY (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING

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RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A

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FAILURE OF THE LIBRARY TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER SOFTWARE), EVEN IF

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SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH

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DAMAGES.

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END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS

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How to Apply These Terms to Your New Libraries

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If you develop a new library, and you want it to be of the greatest

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possible use to the public, we recommend making it free software that

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everyone can redistribute and change. You can do so by permitting

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redistribution under these terms (or, alternatively, under the terms of the

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ordinary General Public License).

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To apply these terms, attach the following notices to the library. It is

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safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively

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convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the

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"copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

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<one line to give the library's name and a brief idea of what it does.>

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Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>

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This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or

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modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public

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License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either

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version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

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This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU

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Lesser General Public License for more details.

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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public

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License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software

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Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA

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Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.

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You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your

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school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the library, if

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necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:

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Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the

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library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.

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<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990

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Ty Coon, President of Vice

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