* Network API: WP_Network class
* Core class used for interacting with a multisite network.
* This class is used during load to populate the `$current_site` global and
* setup the current network.
* This class is most useful in WordPress multi-network installations where the
* ability to interact with any network of sites is required.
* @since 4.6.0 Converted from public to private to explicitly enable more intuitive
* access via magic methods. As part of the access change, the type was
* also changed from `string` to `int`.
* The ID of the network's main site.
* Named "blog" vs. "site" for legacy reasons. A main site is mapped to
* the network when the network is created.
* A numeric string, for compatibility reasons.
* Domain used to set cookies for this network.
public $cookie_domain = '';
* Named "site" vs. "network" for legacy reasons.
* Retrieve a network from the database by its ID.
* @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
* @param int $network_id The ID of the network to retrieve.
* @return WP_Network|false The network's object if found. False if not.
public static function get_instance( $network_id ) {
$network_id = (int) $network_id;
$_network = wp_cache_get( $network_id, 'networks' );
if ( false === $_network ) {
$_network = $wpdb->get_row( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT * FROM {$wpdb->site} WHERE id = %d LIMIT 1", $network_id ) );
if ( empty( $_network ) || is_wp_error( $_network ) ) {
wp_cache_add( $network_id, $_network, 'networks' );
if ( is_numeric( $_network ) ) {
return new WP_Network( $_network );
* Create a new WP_Network object.
* Will populate object properties from the object provided and assign other
* default properties based on that information.
* @param WP_Network|object $network A network object.
public function __construct( $network ) {
foreach ( get_object_vars( $network ) as $key => $value ) {
$this->_set_cookie_domain();
* Allows current multisite naming conventions when getting properties.
* @param string $key Property to get.
* @return mixed Value of the property. Null if not available.
public function __get( $key ) {
return (string) $this->get_main_site_id();
return $this->get_main_site_id();
* Allows current multisite naming conventions when checking for properties.
* @param string $key Property to check if set.
* @return bool Whether the property is set.
public function __isset( $key ) {
* Allows current multisite naming conventions while setting properties.
* @param string $key Property to set.
* @param mixed $value Value to assign to the property.
public function __set( $key, $value ) {
$this->id = (int) $value;
$this->blog_id = (string) $value;
* Returns the main site ID for the network.
* Internal method used by the magic getter for the 'blog_id' and 'site_id'
* @return int The ID of the main site.
private function get_main_site_id() {
* Filters the main site ID.
* Returning a positive integer will effectively short-circuit the function.
* @param int|null $main_site_id If a positive integer is returned, it is interpreted as the main site ID.
* @param WP_Network $network The network object for which the main site was detected.
$main_site_id = (int) apply_filters( 'pre_get_main_site_id', null, $this );
if ( 0 < $main_site_id ) {
if ( 0 < (int) $this->blog_id ) {
return (int) $this->blog_id;
if ( ( defined( 'DOMAIN_CURRENT_SITE' ) && defined( 'PATH_CURRENT_SITE' ) && DOMAIN_CURRENT_SITE === $this->domain && PATH_CURRENT_SITE === $this->path )
|| ( defined( 'SITE_ID_CURRENT_SITE' ) && SITE_ID_CURRENT_SITE == $this->id ) ) {
if ( defined( 'BLOG_ID_CURRENT_SITE' ) ) {
$this->blog_id = (string) BLOG_ID_CURRENT_SITE;
return (int) $this->blog_id;
if ( defined( 'BLOGID_CURRENT_SITE' ) ) { // Deprecated.
$this->blog_id = (string) BLOGID_CURRENT_SITE;
return (int) $this->blog_id;
if ( $site->domain === $this->domain && $site->path === $this->path ) {
$main_site_id = (int) $site->id;
$cache_key = 'network:' . $this->id . ':main_site';
$main_site_id = wp_cache_get( $cache_key, 'site-options' );
if ( false === $main_site_id ) {
'domain' => $this->domain,
'network_id' => $this->id,
$main_site_id = ! empty( $_sites ) ? array_shift( $_sites ) : 0;
wp_cache_add( $cache_key, $main_site_id, 'site-options' );
$this->blog_id = (string) $main_site_id;
return (int) $this->blog_id;
* Set the site name assigned to the network if one has not been populated.
private function _set_site_name() {
if ( ! empty( $this->site_name ) ) {
$default = ucfirst( $this->domain );
$this->site_name = get_network_option( $this->id, 'site_name', $default );
* Set the cookie domain based on the network domain if one has
* @todo What if the domain of the network doesn't match the current site?
private function _set_cookie_domain() {
if ( ! empty( $this->cookie_domain ) ) {
$this->cookie_domain = $this->domain;
if ( 'www.' === substr( $this->cookie_domain, 0, 4 ) ) {
$this->cookie_domain = substr( $this->cookie_domain, 4 );
* Retrieve the closest matching network for a domain and path.
* This will not necessarily return an exact match for a domain and path. Instead, it
* breaks the domain and path into pieces that are then used to match the closest
* possibility from a query.
* The intent of this method is to match a network during bootstrap for a
* requested site address.
* @param string $domain Domain to check.
* @param string $path Path to check.
* @param int|null $segments Path segments to use. Defaults to null, or the full path.
* @return WP_Network|false Network object if successful. False when no network is found.
public static function get_by_path( $domain = '', $path = '', $segments = null ) {
$domains = array( $domain );
$pieces = explode( '.', $domain );
* It's possible one domain to search is 'com', but it might as well
* be 'localhost' or some other locally mapped domain.
while ( array_shift( $pieces ) ) {
if ( ! empty( $pieces ) ) {
$domains[] = implode( '.', $pieces );
* If we've gotten to this function during normal execution, there is
* more than one network installed. At this point, who knows how many
* we have. Attempt to optimize for the situation where networks are
* only domains, thus meaning paths never need to be considered.
* This is a very basic optimization; anything further could have
* drawbacks depending on the setup, so this is best done per-installation.
if ( wp_using_ext_object_cache() ) {
$using_paths = wp_cache_get( 'networks_have_paths', 'site-options' );
if ( false === $using_paths ) {
$using_paths = get_networks(
wp_cache_add( 'networks_have_paths', $using_paths, 'site-options' );
$path_segments = array_filter( explode( '/', trim( $path, '/' ) ) );
* Filters the number of path segments to consider when searching for a site.
* @param int|null $segments The number of path segments to consider. WordPress by default looks at
* one path segment. The function default of null only makes sense when you
* know the requested path should match a network.
* @param string $domain The requested domain.
* @param string $path The requested path, in full.
$segments = apply_filters( 'network_by_path_segments_count', $segments, $domain, $path );
if ( ( null !== $segments ) && count( $path_segments ) > $segments ) {
$path_segments = array_slice( $path_segments, 0, $segments );
while ( count( $path_segments ) ) {
$paths[] = '/' . implode( '/', $path_segments ) . '/';
array_pop( $path_segments );
* Determine a network by its domain and path.
* This allows one to short-circuit the default logic, perhaps by
* replacing it with a routine that is more optimal for your setup.
* Return null to avoid the short-circuit. Return false if no network
* can be found at the requested domain and path. Otherwise, return
* an object from wp_get_network().
* @param null|false|WP_Network $network Network value to return by path. Default null
* to continue retrieving the network.
* @param string $domain The requested domain.
* @param string $path The requested path, in full.
* @param int|null $segments The suggested number of paths to consult.
* Default null, meaning the entire path was to be consulted.
* @param string[] $paths Array of paths to search for, based on `$path` and `$segments`.
$pre = apply_filters( 'pre_get_network_by_path', null, $domain, $path, $segments, $paths );
$networks = get_networks(
'domain_length' => 'DESC',
'domain__in' => $domains,
if ( ! empty( $networks ) ) {
return array_shift( $networks );
$networks = get_networks(
'domain_length' => 'DESC',
'domain__in' => $domains,
* Domains are sorted by length of domain, then by length of path.
* The domain must match for the path to be considered. Otherwise,
* a network with the path of / will suffice.
foreach ( $networks as $network ) {
if ( ( $network->domain === $domain ) || ( "www.{$network->domain}" === $domain ) ) {
if ( in_array( $network->path, $paths, true ) ) {
if ( '/' === $network->path ) {
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